Page 125 - AC/E Digital Culture Annual Report

tions that manage and conserve our heritage to save costs.It is therefore not surprising that in recent years research and innovation programmes have in- cluded several international cooperation projects for the smart monitoring of cultural heritage.Cuspis (Cultural Heritage Space Identi cation System)One such project is Cuspis17 (Cultural Heritage Space Identi cation System), developed as part of the FP6 (Sixth Framework Programme). It involved designing a system for monitoring archaeological artefacts from the moment they are identi ed in their original site until they are deposited in a museum. This system was put into practice at the Villa Adriana site (Tivoli, Italy) and in the city of Athens. Terminals iden- ti ed and monitored each object using GNSS signals (through the Galileo global navigation satellite system), RFID and mapping techniques for Egnos (Satellite-Based Augmentation System) positioning/tracking and were managed by wireless communication terminals (Wi-Fi and mobile).Smart Monitoring of Historic StructuresThe Smart Monitoring of Historic Structures18 project, funded as part of the FP7 (Seventh Framework Programme 2007–2013), developeda smart monitoring system based on minimally invasive wireless networks and smart sensors installed in historic monuments. The system allows temperature, humidity, air speed, deteri- oration or cracks, acoustic level, vibration, and environmental or ultraviolet light levels and even chemical attacks to be monitored. A smart data processing system was also implemented to in- terpret the information gathered by the sensors by developing open-code software that is easy for sector professionals to con gure and use.Monitoring Heritage System (MHS)The MHS (Monitoring Heritage System)19 is a smart management system ideally suited to historic buildings and other heritage assets.The system, developed in collaboration with Telefónica since 2005, has been implemented and tested as part of the Románico Norte Atlán- tico project run by the Fundación Santa María la Real del Patrimonio Histórico20 (Spain).It consists of barely visible wireless sensors (hygrometers, xylographs, luxmeters, etc.) connected in a network. They are placed at strategic points in buildings to monitor various environmental parameters related to tempera- ture, humidity, atmospheric pressure and inten- sity of light, as well as other data on vibrations or ssures in the structures. The recorded data is sent to a central server in accordance with the M2M (machine to machine) concept in order to check and evaluate the state of the property.Basically the system, which illustrates the potential of the Internet of Things (IoT), allows sector professionals to analyse in detail the conservation parameters for heritage property and carry out preventive intervention to remedy possible alterations or pathologies. Other functions which could be very useful in aspects such as security or protection against re and oods attest to the versatility of the system. Indeed, it is not limited to conservation opera- tions but also incorporates functions based on boosting and promoting tourism (a system of codes and magnetic access cards, 3D projection, downloading audio guides using QR codes and a lighting system to create di erent scenes or environments).SHbuildingsThe transnational cooperation project SHbuild- ings (Smart Heritage Buildings)21 is part of the Interreg IV SUDOE territorial cooperation programme for Southwest Europe. It is an alternative heritage management system aimedAC/E DIGITAL CULTURE ANNUAL REPORT 2017125The use of digital technologies in the conservation, analysis and dissemination of cultural heritage